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• The Home Stretch
• Happy Spring Holidays!
• Our rates will soon increase.
• When you don't have the money to pay the tax.
• First individual estimated tax payment is also due April 15.
• Last-minute tax legislation means more extensions.
• If you have employee stock options...
• Subscribe/Unsubscribe from our newsletter.
• PS Marché Aux Fleurs

The Home Stretch.

Only 20 more days left for tax season! For clients who haven't given us their information yet, please do so immediately so we can get to work on your extensions!

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Happy Spring Holidays!

This is a time when many religions have holidays reflecting on their history and renewal. I hope you have a joyous celebration with your family and/or friends.

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Have your tax work done now. Our rates will soon increase.

Our rates will be increasing on May 1, so take advantage of our current rates and have as much of your work done as possible before April 30th.

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When you don't have the money to pay the tax.

What do you do when you don't have the money to pay the tax?

My first recommendation is to file your income tax returns, certified mail, by the initial filing date. One of the nastiest penalties in the IRS's arsenal is for late filing - 5% per month to a maximum of 25%. Some people who owe money don't file their returns because they are afraid. THIS IS A HUGE MISTAKE! The best approach is to be honest about your situation and work with the tax authorities to resolve it.

When your file an extension, any balance of tax due when the tax return is filed represents an exposure for the late filing penalty.

Please don't misunderstand me. I regularly use extensions for my clients and myself as a workload "safety valve." We often don't have the information to complete a return by the due date. They just aren't appropriate when there will be a significant balance due that won't be paid by the original filing due date.

According to the Treasury regulations for the requirements to file a valid automatic extension request, "an application for extension must show the full amount properly estimated as tax for the taxable year." (Reg. § 1.6081-4(a)(4).) The regulations relating to reasonable cause for failure to file a tax return state that if a taxpayer satisfies the requirement of showing the full amount estimated as tax, the taxpayer has a reasonable cause for failure to file during the extension period provided (1) the excess of the amount of tax shown on the return over the amount of tax paid by the original filing date (including the amount paid with the extension form) is no greater than 10 percent of the amount shown on the return (restated - 90% of the tax is paid by the due date), and (2) any balance due shown on the return is paid with the return. (Reg. § 301.6651-1(c)(3).)

(For California taxpayers, the extension is paperless so the amount of the tax need not be stated. You are still required to pay at least 90% of the tax by the original due date to avoid the late filing penalty.)

A taxpayer can still avoid the late filing penalty by demonstrating a "reasonable cause," but this can be a hassle and the taxpayer is at the mercy of the subjective judgment of a representative of the tax authority.

Remember you may now pay income taxes using a credit card. Call 800-272-9829, or try the web site, www.officialpayments.com. The extension for California is 1555. Maybe you can find a card offering a low interest rate promotion that will work for your situation.

Should you borrow using a margin account? In most cases, this is not a good choice because of the exposure to margin calls if the market declines.

Should you use an equity advance loan, secured by your principal residence? In some cases it might be to your advantage, if you can get a favorable interest rate. Remember interest for an equity loan not used for a home improvement is only deductible on a loan amount up to $100,000. This interest is not deductible when computing the alternative minimum tax.

Remember that IRA accounts and even other retirement accounts can be temporary sources of funds. Distributions from IRAs which aren't minimum required distributions can be rolled over to another IRA or returned to the same IRA within 60 days after a withdrawal. This exception only applies to one rollover per year. (You must wait more than one year after a rollover is completed before making another one.)¹

Certain distributions from other qualified plans can also be rolled over within a 60-day period to an IRA or another qualified plan.² Using IRAs or qualified plans as a temporary source of funds to pay taxes can be useful if the funds to complete the rollover will soon be available, such as when there is a lockout "window" that will soon be open. The cost of an error can be high, because if the rollover isn't completed before 60 days have expired, the distribution may be subject to tax as ordinary income plus a 10% early distribution penalty.³

The IRS has a form for installment agreements, Form 9465. They would prefer that you submit the form with your income tax return. You can take up to five years to pay off your tax liability. An advantage of arranging an installment agreement is the penalty for late payment of tax is reduced from 1/2% per month to 1/4% per month. In addition to penalties, interest is charged for late tax payments. The interest rate is adjusted quarterly. Recently, the rate has been nine percent.

Another alternative is to make an Offer in Compromise, Form 656. With this procedure, the IRS actually can reduce your tax based on your ability to pay. You don't have to wait until you have owed the tax a long time to use this procedure. I think it's best to work with an attorney, CPA or enrolled agent when making an Offer in Compromise. If the amount is large, an attorney is probably the best choice.

Although it may provide relief from your other creditors, bankruptcy doesn't offer much help for recent debts for income taxes. When you make payments on your tax bill, be sure to specify to apply the payments to taxes due. Penalties and interest are dischargeable in bankruptcy, but income taxes aren't.

It may be to your advantage to plan how to use regular tax or alternative minimum tax capital loss carryovers or minimum tax credit carryovers. You might need to generate capital gains, which can be difficult when you're in financial distress.

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First individual estimated tax payment is also due April 15.

Remember to review your estimated tax situation for 2002. There is no estimated tax penalty provided the taxpayer pays at least 90% of the tax (including AMT) on the current year's tax return through withholding and/or equal quarterly estimated tax payments.

For taxpayers who have no more than $150,000 of adjusted gross income ($75,000 for married persons, filing separately) on the previous year's income tax return, there is no penalty for underpayment of estimated tax provided at least the income tax on the previous year's income tax return (including AMT) is paid in equal quarterly estimated tax payments plus withholding.⁴

For taxpayers who have more than $150,000 of adjusted gross income ($75,000 for married persons, filing separately) on the previous year's income tax return, there is no penalty for underpayment of estimated tax provided at least, for 2002, 112% of the income tax on the previous year's income tax return (including AMT) is paid in equal quarterly estimated tax payments plus withholding.⁵

Taxpayers who have uneven income and deductions may also compute their estimated tax on an "annualized" basis. You multiply the year to date income and deductions to arrive at amounts for a year, compute the tax for that amount, then pay amounts to cumulatively pay in 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and 100% of those amounts. You should probably get help from a professional tax return preparer to do this.

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Last-minute tax legislation means more extensions.

President Bush approved the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002 on March 9, 2002. The Act includes some retroactive provisions. A key provision is a retroactive 30% "bonus" first-year depreciation allowance for certain depreciable property placed in service after September 10, 2001. Most equipment, software and land improvements qualify for the additional depreciation. The IRS hasn't released the forms yet for the new allowance, and tax return preparation software needs to be updated to incorporate it. Therefore, most businesses with depreciable property additions exceeding the expense allowance ($24,000 for 2001) should plan on preparing extensions for their returns. Those who have already filed their returns may need to file amended returns.

Remember, most of the states have not adopted the changes in the new law. It may be a while before we know if they will conform.

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* * *

Michael Gray regrets he can no longer personally answer email questions. He will answer selected questions in this newsletter.

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If you have employee stock options, have you subscribed to the ESOAA Option Alert?

To subscribe, go to http://www.stockoptionadvisors.com. You can review past issues at http://www.stockoptionadvisors.com/optionalert/.

Advisors may write for an information package about joining the Employee Stock Option Advisors Association, LLC and training materials about tax planning for employee stock options by sending name, company name, address, email address, telephone number, and fax number to Dawn Gray at info@stockoptionadvisors.com.

Employee option holders may write for an information package about self-study materials relating to planning for employee stock options by sending name, company name, address, email address, telephone number, and fax number to Dawn Gray at info@stockoptionadvisors.com.

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P.S.

My daughter and her husband, Holly and Dan Baker, have opened a Southern French Restaurant at 23 Ross Common, Ross, California, about 15 minutes north of the Golden Gate Bridge. The name of the restaurant is Marché Aux Fleurs. For the best meal of your life, call 415-925-9200 for a reservation and give them a try soon! For directions, visit our website at http://www.taxtrimmers.com/directions.shtml.

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P.P.S.

To receive the next issue of Michael Gray, CPA's Tax & Business Insight with more tax developments, another book review, and upcoming deadlines automatically via email, subscribe by filling out the form below.

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IRS Circular 230 Disclosure: As required by U.S. Treasury Regulations, you are hereby advised that any written tax advice contained in this communication was not written or intended to be used (and cannot be used) by any taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.

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1 Internal Revenue Code § 408(c)(3)
2 Internal Revenue Code § 402(c)
3 Internal Revenue Code § 72(t)
4 Internal Revenue Code § 6654(d)(1)
5 Internal Revenue Code § 6654(d)(1)(C)